Communicable and non communicable diseases
Common noncommunicable diseases(ncd)
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Non communicable def. “cannot be spread by an infectious agent… they tend to last a long time… [and] they can be very disabling… and often lead to death if they are not treated appropriately” (Skolnik, 2016, p. 366).
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Cervical Cancer (Copenhagen, 2017)
Hypertension (Copenhagen, 2017)
Type 1 diabetes (Copenhagen, 2017)
Stroke (WHO, 2018)
Heart disease (WHO, 2018)
This PDF shows the key causes of mortality: 57% from NCDs. Heart disease is the number one NCD killer of Haitians
common Communicable diseases
Communicable Def. “Diseases caused by an infectious agent that spreads from a person or animal to another person or animal” (Skolnik, 2016, p. 366).
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Cholera: “ Haiti had 34,838 new cholera cases and 374 deaths from cholera between January and October 2016”
(Copenhagen, 2017, section 1)
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HIV, TB, Malaria (WHO, 2015)
Diarrheal Diseases (WHO, 2015)
(CDC, 2018)
Challenges to the Prevention and control of diseases in Haiti
Lack of adequate water access and water treatment (World Bank, 2015)
Lack of adequate sanitation (USAID, 2018)
Inadequate or absent waste disposal systems (USAID, 2018 and Hersher, 2017)
Water contamination and stagnation (USAID, 2018)
Lack of education on proper treatment of child and infant diarrhea: oral rehydration (Skolnik, 2016)
Current (or potential) measures in place to prevent, control, or improve the burden of selected diseases in Haiti
Improved water, sanitation and hygiene systems potentially could alleviate a large proportion of the burden of communicable disease. However, Haiti’s infrastructure lacks needed components and sustainability, at this time, to adequately address these needs (Copenhagen, 2017 and Skolnik, 2017)
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Community education, particularly hygiene and oral rehydration for diarrhea, can help each the disease burden as well (Skolnik, 2016).
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Mass Cholera vaccination in schools in particular seem to be the most logical and cost-effective way to decrease cholera incidence for the short term. Additional, sustainable, measures need to be in place to decrease cholera incidence as these particular vaccines have a short life span and cholera is an endemic problem in Haiti (Copenhagen, 2017)
references
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health information for travelers to Haiti: Traveler view. Last updated 2018, March 12. Retrieved from https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/haiti
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Copenhagen Consensus Center. (2017, May 1) Haiti Priorise: Cholera, Whittington. Last retrieved from
https://www.copenhagenconsensus.com/publication/haiti-priorise-cholera-whittington
Copenhagen Consensus Center. (2017). Haiti Priorise: NCSs, McBain. Last retrieved from (https://www.copenhagenconsensus.com/publication/haiti-priorise-ncds-mcbain
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Hersher, R. (2017). You probably don't want to know about Haiti's sewage problems. July 29, 2017. Last retrieved September 16, 2018. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/201.45957/you-probably-dont-want-to-know-about-haitis-sewage-problems
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Skolnik, R. (2016). Global Health 101 (3rd). Burlington, MA; Jones & Bartlett Learning
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USAID. (2018, August 16). Haiti: Environment. Retrieved from https://www.usaid.gov/haiti/environment
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The World Bank. (2015, May 27). 5 things you need to know about water in Haiti. http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/05/27/five-things-you-need-to-know-about-water-in-haiti
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World Health Organization. (2015). Haiti: WHO statistical profile. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/gho/countries/hti.pdf?ua=1
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World Health Organization. (2018). Haiti. Last retrieved from http://www.who.int/nmh/countries/hti_en.pdf?ua=1
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